Glue Primer

June 24, 2008 Crafts, Techniques and Mediums No Comments
2-Way Glue: Interesting glue! If you bond the two surfaces while the glue is wet, you have a permanent bond. If you bond the two surfaces after the glue dries, you have a temporary bond. This liquid glue is used mainly in paper art and craft and with photos.
Craft Glue: Excellent general purpose glue for porous surfaces like paper, wood, and florals. Just like our name, usually less is more with this glue.
Epoxy Glue: This glue usually comes in 2 parts that are mixed. One of the strongest glues for non-porous surfaces or heavy items. Read packaging carefully as you need to work quickly before the glue sets. This is an iffy glue for paper bonding.
Hot Glue: Used when you want super quick tack and hold, but not best if the project will be exposed to extreme heat (the glue will soften and lose its grip) or extreme cold (glue will snap). You are better off with using a tacky glue and a little patience for a project that will be used outside in the winter or summer. Needs a glue gun for application. In this category you’ll find glue guns for hot, low temp, and dual temperature.
Jewelry Glue: Designed to hold a non-porous surface to a porous surface. This glue is also designed to hold heavy items (usually thought of in the jewelry category such as beads, but great for all crafts).
Non-Porous
Surface Glue:		 There are glues designed to hold two non-porous surfaces together such on glazed ceramic to glazed ceramic or glass to metal or metal to metal. If possible, give the surface some teeth (sand, scratch the surface to give the glue something to hold on to). Read packaging carefully, these glues usually need to be used in a well-ventilated room. Often labeled as Glass, Ceramic or Tile glue. This glue is not good for any paper use or bonding.
Paper Glue: Thin bodied glue designed not to absorb into the paper. Anymore, this glue is acid-free and archival, but read packaging. You don’t need to use much paper glue to get a good bond. Use a thin line or thin film of this glue for best results.
Tacky Glue: Thicker than craft or paper glues, this glue is best for quick tack or heavier items.
Wood Glue: Believe it or not, glue designed specifically for wood is the best glue to bond wood (painted or unpainted). Just remember it doesn’t dry clear like many colored glues, it will dry pale yellow.
Share

Floral Jargon

June 24, 2008 Floral Crafts, Glossaries 1 Comment
One man’s weed patch, may be another man’s garden. The world of flowers, foliage, and fauna has a language of its own. Here’s some key words to help you understand the seeds of the floral business.
Asymmetrical Balance: informal, natural design, somewhat abstract design
Bouquet: flowers selected and fastened together in a bunch.
Bushes: silk flowers sold with several stems gathered at base.
Composition: the grouping of the various parts that make up the floral arrangement. All parts become part of the whole (arrangement.)
Containers: natural, wood, metal, glass, plastic, pottery, ceramic vases, bowls, boxes, pots, and any other holder for arrangements.
Dried Flowers: through the process of air hanging, desiccants, pressing, or heat flowers and leaves have all moisture removed, preserving as much color, texture, and shape as possible.
Dried Look: silk flowers made to look like dried flowers.
Fillers: smaller and more neutral colored flowers and greenery that serve as background to more showy pieces in design, used to “fill in” between main accent flowers.
Focal Point: the main area of arrangement that the eye will go to, usually a single element. This spot dominates the design. In a symmetrical design the focal point is at center, in a asymmetrical design the focal point is placed toward the high side of arrangement.
Foliage: leaves collectively, artistic grouping of leaves, twigs, flowers, branches, etc.
Free Form: there is no focal point of the arrangement.
Frog: a flower stem holder, any object that is used to hold stems securely in position.
Foundations: natural bare ropes, garland, wreathes, topiary trees, baskets, etc.
Garland: a wreath or rope of flowers and leaves
Greenery: vines, ivies, ferns, or plants.
Handwraps: flower, leaves, and stem of silk flower have been hand wrapped with floral tape.
Harmony: parts of floral arrangement do not conflict with each other, but flow and compliment the design.
Nosegay: a small bunch or grouping of flowers, also called a posy
Oil Dyes: dying process that allows for more realistic coloring and overall effect of silk flowers
Polystem: Flower with solid stem versus a flower with a hand wrapped stem with floral tape.
Potpourri: a collection of flowers, leaves, seeds, spices, oils, and other natural ingredients used for scent and color.
Proportion: the relationship between elements of the arrangement in size, color, quantity, and setting.
Silica gel crystals: crystals used to dry flowers and foliage quickly, a desiccant used to remove moisture. Flowers and crystals are placed in an air tight container and flowers are dried in 3-4 days.
Stem: single flower or foliage.
Symmetrical Balance: formal design, perfect equality, all sides of arrangement match the other sides.
Swag: literally sinks or hangs down by its own weight, a rope or intertwined floral arrangement that hangs down at center.
Texture: refers to the physical surface qualities of the plant or flowers in an arrangement. Smooth, glossy, rough, soft. It can also refer to the size of leaves, twigs, or branches in an arrangement.
Wreath: flowers, twigs, grasses, and/or vines intertwined in a circular or continuous shape.
Share

Faux Finishes

June 24, 2008 Glossaries, Painting No Comments
Antiquing: to make a new object look old through various techniques!
Binder: component of paint; acrylics are the binder in latex products and oils in alkyd products
Blending: toning down imprints or hue of glaze or paint by sponge brush or clothe to get softer effect or to combine different colors on a surface
Bronze Powders: fine metallic powders from gold to copper
Chisel: tool used to shave edges off wood
Crackle Glaze: the appearance of old paint that has cracked and peeled to reveal a different color of paint underneath.
Crackle Varnish: the finish or varnished layer appears cracked and aged Criss-crossing: applying paint or glaze smoothly and evenly over surface by working top to bottom and then side to side on a surface.
Distressing: deliberately inflicting dents and knocks unto a new surfaces; also accomplished with over sanding.
Dragging: applying glaze and removing some of the glaze by sweeping with metal graining comb, dry brush, or feathers.
Eggshell Finish: slight sheen, reflects low amounts of light Flat Finish: no sheen or gloss; will not reflect light, very porous
Flogging: glaze is manipulated by striking surface with a long bristled brush
Gesso: thick chalky liquid, medium that is smooth and porous, absorbs color, allows for texture and design
Gilding: the application of gold, silver, or other metal leaf to a surface
Glaze: transparent coat of paint that is thinly brushed or sponged over a basecoat or raw surface
Gloss Finish: shiny with luster, reflects light; note that Semi-Gloss less sheen that gloss.
Gold Leaf: Gold and other metals on a thin sheet of a transfer paper for gilding or foiling
High Gloss Finish: the most reflective of all finishes, looks almost like a glass layer over surface
Intarsia: highly developed form of wood inlay
Liming: Wood surfaces are stripped and treated with a limewash for protection
Liquid Gold: bronze powder suspended in medium, must be shaken before use.
Luster Powders: powders containing mica to give luster
Matte: dulled finish, no gloss or luster
Milk Paint: paint made from curds with tint added to taste.
Satin Finish: higher sheen that eggshell, but not shiny like a gloss
Spattering: flicking paint off a brush onto another surface to distress or age.
Sponging: applying paint with sponge for effect or texture
Sponging Out: soaking up paint with a sponge or paper towel to remove areas of pigment for effect
Stains: transparent liquids which allow base surface to show through color.
Stippling: dry brushing paint to surface for highlights and shading with short light dabs
Tooth: to give surface a dull finish usually by sanding; helps paint adhere to a glossy surface
Variegated Wash: different colors have been used in a way to run into each other
Verdigris: bluish green patina formed on copper, brass, and bronze by corrosion of air and saltwater.
Wash: thinned paint for transparent basecoating or aging
Working Dry: adding glaze or paint to dry glaze or paint
Working Wet: adding glaze or paint to wet glaze or paint; also referred to as wet on wet
Share

Fabric and Fiber Jargon

June 24, 2008 Glossaries, Quilting, Sewing No Comments
Color: a phenomenon of light or visual perception that enables one to differentiate identical items
Color Value: Lightness or darkness of a color
Consistency: the thinness or thickness of a fabric or fibre
Contrast: the sharp difference between two colors
Count: The number given a yarn or fiber to indicate its yardage per weight
Crinkling: To make or become wrinkled, rippled, roughened, or creased; usually done to fabrics like linen, challis, silk, or cotton
Dye: a color used for staining, tinting, or toning a medium. There is no separation of ingredients once dye is made
Finishing: Any treatment given to a fabric after weaving or to garments after cleaning to improve appearance like sizing or ironing
Hand: The feel, body, drape, or touch of the surface of fabric
Hue: the name of a pure color
Intensity: color’s purity or strength
Nib, Nep, Nubb: Small bits of fiber that stick above surface of otherwise smooth fabric
Piece: Length of fabric
Primary colors: red, blue, yellow
Secondary colors: mixing of primary colors; green, orange, purple
Skein: a coil of yarn also called hank
Share

Enameling Terms

June 24, 2008 Crafts, Glossaries No Comments
Annealed: the process of heating a metal to make it less brittle
Bassetaille: applying enamels to metal which is in low relief
Champleve: enameling technique where metal has been etched or carved away and the resulting depressions filled with enamel
Chasing: the art of ornamenting metal with individual strokes of a hammer on chasing tools or punches
Cloisonne: enamel surface embellishment where the colors are separated by thin metal strips
Cold Forging: forming metal which has been annealed and cooled
Enameling: glass fused to metal
Grisaille: monochrome enameling
Limoge: painted enamels
Patina: a thin layer of green oxidation appearing on copper; can be produced by age or chemical process
Pickled: an acid used to remove oxidation from metal
Plique-a-jour: enameling technique where transparent enamels are placed in a wire framework giving a stained glass effect
Repousse: decorating the surface of metal by hammering the reverse of the object, design refined by chasing
Sgraffito: method of scratching through the surface to reveal what is beneath
Verdigris: green patina finish on copper
Share

Crafting Tools

June 24, 2008 Crafts, Glossaries No Comments
Abrasives: family of smoothing tools including, sandpaper, grit paper, steel wool, sand sticks, sand blocks, taping and cording. Abrasives can be dry or wet.
Adhesives: substance or chemical mixture used to temporarily or permanently bond two surfaces or items
Awl: sharp pointed usually metal tool for hand punching holes or openings
Bevel: instrument to balance or make centered
Blending Stump: paper or soft textile stick used to blend pencil colors, chalk, pastels, or charcoal
Bone: hard wood tool used to score other materials
Bow Saw: hand held saw with thick blade anchored onto angled metal bridge, rough cutting
Brad Point Bit: bit used on rounded surfaces for smoother cut or boring.
Brayer: similar to a rolling pin used to smooth or flatten materials
Brush: natural or man made bristles gathered and clamp to transport a medium to another medium; sponge, round, flat, stencil, and more
Burnisher: metal or wood instrument used to smooth, shape, embellish, polish, or transfer one material to another; also referred to as a embossing tool
Calipers: metal instruments used in measuring, inside and outside measurements use different calipers
Chisel: metal tools used to create decorative work in wood or create edges.
Circular Saw: hand held power tool with round or circle blade, rough to detail cuts
Clamps: work holding device; C-clamps, bar, pipe, hand-screw, band, web, and specialty
Coping Saw: hand held saw with thin cutting blade that is anchored across a metal bridge, fine cutting
Drill: portable tool that can be hand held or placed in a press, used to bore holes, but anything is possible with the variety of bits available today.
Files: hardened steel with rows of finely spaced cutting teeth for smoothing, trimming and sharpening
Hammer: hard or soft head with handle to pound smooth or insert one item into another, over 30 varieties for specific tasks. Include the mallet which is a rubber headed tool
Kiln: like an oven used in ceramic to heat or fire work
Lathe: tool that allows carving or decoration of wood with a spinning or turning motion while wood is clamped to machine.
Loom: frame used to weave materials or hold materials in place.
Miter Box: guide created to give accurate cutting of angle
Needle: instrument with eye which can be threaded with thin materials, point is sharp or blunted
Mold: used to cast or shape mediums or materials
Palette Knife: shaped like a pie cutter, used to transfer medium, smooth medium, or texture medium
Plane: used to smooth or flatten wood, hand held or power
Radial Arm Saw: power saw with round blades used where the material is stationary and the saw moves to cut
Ribs: smooth hand size wood pieces with edges in different degrees of texture used to shape clays or other modeling mediums
Rifflers: files with very small heads and large hand grips for detail work
Router: portable power tool with changeable bits for variety of tasks from cutting to edging
Ruler: also referred to in soft form as a tape, measurements in inches and meters
Sabre Saw: hand held power tool which only one end of straight blade is attached to saw
Smoldering Iron: heating tool used to melt metals or transfer metal to a surface
Square: wood and metal tool used to make correct corners, edges, and cuts
Staple Gun: hand or power tool that shoots staples or nails into material
Stylus: metal rounded tip used to create perfect, consistent dots
Table Saw: Stationary saw with a round blade use where material is moved to cut.
Tack Cloth: very sticky cloth or fabric used to remove fine particles or dust from wood, metal, ceramic, etc.
Tjanting: holds wax to use in applying lines of wax to materials as in batik
Trim Tool: used to smooth or cut materials, wires of different shapes, thickness, and widths are clamped to a hand held handle
Wheel: table with flat top that rotates or spins
Share

Business Jargon

June 24, 2008 Craft Professionals, Glossaries No Comments
Accounts Payable: money you owe for goods or services received
Accounts Receivable: money owed to your business for goods or services delivered
Back Order: items not shipped in an order may be sent at a later date to buyer
Break-Even: point where business is not making or losing money; total revenue equals total expenses
Budget: financial plan to control spending
CCD: Certified Craft Designer
COD Account: Cash or check on delivery, payment is due upon receipt from a common carrier
Common Carrier: Transportation service or company that will deliver supplies; example is UPS
Consumer: end user
Cost of Good Sold: direct cost to business owner of items that will in turn be sold to consumer
CPD: Certified Professional Demonstrator
Dealer Minimum: also called minimum order; lowest quantity of an item/items that must be purchased or the lowest dollar amount that must be spent to place an order with a supplier
Distributor: middleman that markets and sells to retailers
Gross Price: price of product before discounts, deductions, or allowances
Invoice: itemized statement from supplier/vendor stating charges for merchandise
Manufacturer: business that makes product(s) from raw materials
Net Price: actual price paid for products/supplies after deductions, discounts, allowances are subtracted.
Open Account: credit extended to a business for a specific billing period
Purchase Order: record of agreement made with supplier from buyer
Retailer: business that sells directly to the consumer
Stock Keeping Unit (SKU): unit assigned to an product/item usually designated with bar code for inventory control
Terms of Sale: the conditions concerning who can purchase goods and payment of purchase.
Trade Association: an organization of businesses in the same line of work promoting common interests
Trade Publication: printed material intended for trade only consumption
Trade Show: a gathering of individuals and business in a common industry to display, educate, and sell products/services to other members within the common industry
Sales Representative: person who sells a product(s) usually in a specific geographic area for a commission; company reps work for a specific manufacturer/distributor and independents rep more than one line
Wholesaler: business that sells to others for resale
Share

« Previous Entries Next Entries »