Wood Finishes and Finishing Jargon
June 24, 2008 4:52 pm Crafts, Glossaries
| Adhesion: | the property causing one material to stick to another |
| Barrier Coat: | a coat applied which separates the substrate from contact with the topcoats |
| Bleeding: | when a dye or color absorbs through to the top layer; this is due to a common solvency of the topcoat and the dye |
| Bloom: | a bluish haze of a film usually caused by insufficient drying time of the oil stain before top-coating |
| Blushing: | a white, milky cast in a film which is caused by trapping moisture into the film; blushing can be prevented and eliminated by slowing down the drying of the coating by adding a blush retarder |
| Blush Retarder: | a reducer with slower drying properties |
| Body: | the thickness of viscosity of the coating while in liquid form |
| Bond: | the adhesion of or ability of two items to stick to one another |
| Bridge: | when a finish forms a layer over a crack or void |
| Coat: | the act of applying a coating to a surface |
| Coating: | any material applied to a surface leaving a protective layer on that surface |
| Cold Checking: | the cracking of a finish due to exposure to cold temperatures |
| Crawling: | when a coating applied tends to flow away from areas leaving them uncoated; this is usually caused by grease or oil contamination of the surface to be coated |
| De-Laminate: | the separation of layers due to lack of adhesion |
| Distressing: | fly speck spotting (and/or other age marks like hammering) in the finished surface or on the substrate |
| Dye: | a coloring material that dissolves in a system very transparent and not as color fast as a pigment |
| Dry Hard: | the elapsed time at which a coating has reached its optimum hardness |
| Fading: | the loss of color due to exposure to sunlight |
| Fast to Light: | a color which is not significantly affected by exposure to sunlight |
| Finish: | general term referring to the final protective coat done to add life to the piece painted that can be applied by brush or spray |
| Fish Eye: | pock marks or craters that show up on finished surface when silicone is present |
| Flash point: | the temperature at which a material will ignite when exposed to a source of ignition |
| Flat or Matte: | a dull finish with little light reflection; non-glossy |
| Flood: | the act of very heavily applying a coating to the substrate |
| Flow: | the smoothing and leveling out of a coating |
| Glaze: | an oil based pigment which is applied between lacquer coats to accent or give a graining effect |
| Gloss: | the shininess or reflectability of a surface |
| Holiday: | an uncoated area of a coated surface usually missed unintentionally |
| Incompatible: | used in reference to coatings and/or stains that are not capable of being mixed with one another |
| Leveling: | the act of applying a coat which will smooth out a previously rough coat |
| Opaque/Opacity: | the degree of hiding of a pigmented coating. The opposite of transparent. |
| Orange Peel: | a rough surface of a film similar in appearance to the skin of an orange |
| Pigment: | a finely ground, insoluble powder which contributes color to a coating – usually very color fast |
| Pinholeing: | the appearance of numerous small holes in a film, usually caused by bubbles due to heat drying of the coating |
| Primer: | a coating which is first applied to a bare surface to make it smooth and help paint adhere to the surface |
| Reducer: | to add solvent in order to thin a material to a workable thickness (viscosity) |
| Sanding Sealer: | a lacquer formulated to give better filling and sandability than the topcoat lacquer |
| Substrate: | the surface or material to be coated |
| Transparent: | clear enough to see through |
| Translucent: | allows light to pass through but not clear enough to see through |
| Viscosity: | the thickness of a coating material in its liquid form |
| Volatile: | the solvent portion of a coating |
| Washcoat: | very thin coat of shellac or sealer |
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